The pointer is a variable which holds the memory address of another variable. If one variable contains the address of another variable, the first variable is said to point to the second. There are two types of pointer operators; * and &. the & is a unary operator that returns the memory address of its operand.
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Container classes are the solution to a specific kind of code reuse problem. They are building blocks used to create object-oriented programs. They make the internals of a program much easier to construct. A container class describes an object that holds other objects. Container classes are so important that they were considered fundamental to early object-oriented languages
Read MoreExceptions are the way of flagging unexpected conditions or errors that have occurred in C++ program. Exception Mechanism so far we have handled error conditions by using the if statement to test some expressions and then...
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A constructor is a special method that is created when the object is created or defined. This particular method holds the same name as that of the object and it initializes the instance of the object whenever that object is created. The constructor also usually holds the initialization of the different declared member variables of its object.
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In a C program, first step is to initialize the graphics drivers on the computer. This is done using the initgraph() method provided in graphics.h library. In the next few pages we will discuss graphics.h library in more details. Important functions in graphic.h library will be discussed in details and samples programs will be provided to show the power of C programming language especially for graphic programming developing graphical user interfaces.
Read MoreA pointer is a variable that represents the location of a data item, such as a variable or an array element. Pointers are used frequently in C, as they have a number of useful applications. For example, pointers can be used to pass information back and forth between a function and its reference point. Pointers provide a way to return multiple data items from a function via function arguments to
be specified as arguments to a given function.
