Small C Language Program to show the drawing and filling of some basic shapes like rectangle, circle etc. with colors and different shades. First we created a characters array of patterns that will fill the drawing, then initialize the graphics mode and the draw the shapes.
Note: The graphics.h library and functions used in this code are specific to the Turbo C compiler. Modern compilers might not support these graphics functions directly. We have re-written the same C source code by using a more modern graphics library called SDL (Simple DirectMedia Layer), which is cross-platform and widely used for multimedia applications, including graphics.
By using graphics.h Library
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <graphics.h>
int main() {
int gd = DETECT, gm, maxx, maxy, x = 40, y = 40, fst;
char str[40];
char *pattern[] = {
"EMPTY_FILL", "SOLID_FILL", "LTSLASH_FILL", "SLASH_FILL", "BKSLASH_FILL",
"LTBKSLASH_FILL", "HATCH_FILL", "XHATCH_FILL", "INTERLEAVE_FILL",
"WIDE_DOR_FILL", "CLOSE_DOT_FILL", "USER_FILL"
};
initgraph(&gd, &gm, NULL);
maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
rectangle(0, 10, maxx, maxy);
setcolor(WHITE);
outtextxy(175, 0, "Pre-Defined Fill styles");
for (fst = 0; fst < 12; fst++) {
setfillstyle(fst, MAGENTA);
bar(x, y, x + 80, y + 80);
itoa(fst, str, 10);
outtextxy(x, y + 100, str);
outtextxy(x, y + 120, pattern[fst]); // Display the fill pattern name
x = x + 150;
if (x > 490) {
y = y + 150;
x = 40;
}
}
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
By using SDL Graphics Library
The SDL library provides a different approach to graphics than the traditional BGI graphics. In this example we draw rectangles directly onto the window using the SDL rendering functions. Additionally, SDL does not have built-in text rendering so we used a separate library called SDL_ttf for text rendering, as demonstrated in the code.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
void drawRectangle(SDL_Renderer *renderer, int x, int y, int w, int h, Uint8 r, Uint8 g, Uint8 b) {
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, r, g, b, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
SDL_Rect rect = { x, y, w, h };
SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &rect);
}
int main() {
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO);
SDL_Window* window = SDL_CreateWindow("Pre-Defined Fill Styles",
SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, 640, 480, 0);
SDL_Renderer* renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
int x = 40, y = 40;
char str[40];
char *pattern[] = {
"EMPTY_FILL", "SOLID_FILL", "LTSLASH_FILL", "SLASH_FILL", "BKSLASH_FILL",
"LTBKSLASH_FILL", "HATCH_FILL", "XHATCH_FILL", "INTERLEAVE_FILL",
"WIDE_DOR_FILL", "CLOSE_DOT_FILL", "USER_FILL"
};
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 255, 255, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
for (int fst = 0; fst < 12; fst++) {
drawRectangle(renderer, x, y, 80, 80, 255, 0, 255);
sprintf(str, "%d", fst);
SDL_Surface* surface = TTF_RenderText_Solid(font, str,
(SDL_Color){0, 0, 0, 255});
SDL_Texture* texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, surface);
SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
SDL_Rect textRect = { x, y + 100, 20, 20 };
SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, &textRect);
surface = TTF_RenderText_Solid(font, pattern[fst], (SDL_Color){0, 0, 0, 255});
texture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(renderer, surface);
SDL_FreeSurface(surface);
textRect.y += 20;
SDL_RenderCopy(renderer, texture, NULL, &textRect);
x = x + 150;
if (x > 490) {
y = y + 150;
x = 40;
}
}
SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
SDL_Delay(3000);
SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
SDL_Quit();
return 0;
}